by In the clean official architecture, the structure of the wing corner is relatively complex.
Each component constituting it has a unique shape and detailed manufacturing method and size regulations.
Compared with other parts of the wood structure, the practice of this part is more complicated and its technical content is higher.
Mastering it, for professionals, especially those engaged in practical operation, means that their technical quality has jumped to a higher level.
In this article, we introduce 1.
The position of the wing angle 2.
The composition of the wing angle 3.
The scale of the wing angle the position of the wing angle in traditional Chinese architecture, the most recognizable is the roof: the eaves are far-reaching, the curve is beautiful, and the sky is facing the sun.
Its four corners are raised like a pengbird spreading its wings…
It is vividly called “wing angle”.
See Figure 2-1 for details.
Wing corner is a general term for the corner parts of eaves in Chinese traditional Xieshan, veranda and zanjian buildings.
From the position, it is divided into external corners.
Their composition determines the unique shape of the intersection of eaves of sloping roofs and creates a very flexible and beautiful shape of Chinese traditional buildings.
The outer corner is the intersection of eaves and eaves in two different directions in Xieshan, veranda and zanjian buildings, also known as “out corner”.
Liye corner is the intersection of eaves and cornices in two different directions in Xieshan, veranda and zanjian buildings, also known as “Wo corner”.
The plane position refers to the distance from the metal (or lower metal) purlin to the eaves cornice of the building corner eaves, as shown in Fig.
2-2 ~ Fig.
2-6; the elevation position refers to the height from the metal (or lower metal) purlin epithelium to the eaves cornice of the building corner eaves, as shown in Fig.
2-2 ~ Fig.
2-6.
The structure of the wing angle 1.
The outer corner of the outer turning angle consists of the old corner beam, sub corner beam, wing corner rafter, warped flying rafter and lining (sleeper) head wood, Dalian eaves, small eaves and Watchboard are shown in Fig.
2-7 ~ Fig.
2-12.
2.
Inner corner.
Inner corner consists of old corner beam, young corner beam, centipede eaves rafter, centipede flying rafter, large and small eaves and Watchboard.
See the figure below for details.
Dimension of wing corner note: the methods and dimensions described below are one of many methods for reference only.
The wing corner dimension here is the plane of wing corner cornice Elevation scale, because the spatial curve formed by the wing corner cornice constitutes the unique “cornice warping angle” of Chinese traditional architecture, which directly affects the overall shape of the building, which is very important.
1.
Wing corner cornice the cornice at the outer corner of the wooden work refers to the flying rafter head at the outermost end of the eaves and the Dalian eaves connecting and locking them.
Since the eaves are usually configured with double-layer rafters, its cornices are usually two, which can be called wing corner rafter cornice and warped flying rafter cornice respectively according to their respective positions.
See Figure 2-17 for details.
Different from the outer corner, the inner corner and the inner concave of the two slope main body eaves intersect horizontally, and its cornice has the same height and access as the cornice of the main body eaves.
The difference is that the names of the two cornices are different from the outer corner, which are called centipede eaves and rafter eaves and centipede flying rafter eaves respectively, corresponding to the eaves and rafter eaves of the main body.
2.
The scale and shape of the plane and elevation of the outer corner (corner) in the outer corner, the scale of each part and the shape of each component have a set of more complex rules and some special requirements, which is the reason why the wing corner has high technical content and is more complex and difficult to learn in the woodworking technology.
(1) Plane scale and shape ① the eaves step frame of the two slope roofs at the outer corner shall be the same; the terminal component of the intersection of the two slope roofs – corner beam, shall be located on the bisector of the included angle of the two slope roofs, which is a necessary condition for forming the outer corner.
If the above conditions are not met, the section size and shape of the corner beam will be changed, and the elevation of the two slope roofs will be affected Roof tile laying and ridge cantilever.
② “Chong” is a special name for the plane shape of the external corner cornice in the clean official style Xieshan, veranda and zanjian buildings.
The official style practice has the following provisions.
a.
Warping rafter cornice: from the starting point of the outer corner to the end point of the main body flying rafter head to the central end point of the terminal member – sub corner beam (excluding headdress tenon), the plane gradually “flushes (probes)” out the three rafter diameters.
See Fig.
2-18 ~ Fig.
2-21 for details.
B.
wing corner rafter cornice: from the starting point of the outer corner to the end point of the main body rafter head to the central end point of the terminal member – old corner beam head, gradually “flushes (probes)” horizontally Two rafter diameters.
See Fig.
2-18 ~ Fig.
2-21 for details.
(2) Elevation scale and shape ① the eaves step height of the two slope roofs at the outer corner shall also be the same.
Once they are different, they cannot form a regular outer corner, which will also change the section size and shape of the corner beam, and affect the roof tile laying and ridge adjustment due to the unequal elevation of the two slope roofs.
② “warping” It is the exclusive name for the facade form of external corner cornice in the official style Xie mountain, veranda and zanjian buildings.
The official style practice has the following provisions.
a.
Warping flying rafter cornice: from the starting point of the outer corner, the upper end of the head of the flying rafter is vertical and gradually warping four rafter diameters.
See Fig.
2-21 ~ Fig.
2-24 for details.
b.
Wing corner rafter cornice: from the starting point of the outer corner to the epithelial end point of the head of the body eaves rafter to the terminal member – the epithelial end point of the center of the head of the old corner beam, it gradually tilts vertically, and the size is determined according to the setting out of the corner beam.
See Fig.
2-22 ~ Fig.
2-24 for details.
3.
Dimension and shape of the plane and elevation of the Liye corner (nest corner) (1) Plane scale and shape ① the eaves and step frames of the two sloped roofs intersected by the concave of the tucked angle shall be the same; the terminal component intersected by the two sloped roofs – corner beam, shall be on the bisector of the included angle of the two sloped roofs, which is a necessary condition for forming the tucked angle.
If the above conditions are not met, the section size and shape of the corner beam will be changed, and the elevation of the two sloped roofs will vary And affect the roof tile laying and ridge adjustment.
② The plane dimension of the cornice of the inner corner (nest corner) is the same as that of the main eaves, without “rush out”.
See Figure 2-17 for details..
