by When identifying the age of furniture, it can sometimes be judged by the manufacturing method of some components.
Although it is not very reliable to judge only by manufacturing method, it has a certain reference value.
Of course, in any case, it is not suitable to judge only by a certain component, but by combining its overall shape and the manufacturing methods of other components.
The identification characteristics of furniture components mainly include the following categories: the middle part of the brain of the brain chair and the wood comb chair, There is a high (such as e’s Chinese furniture) 23 and 25), which is later than that of similar chairs.
The head of the armchair intersects with the upper lattice angle of the hind legs, which is a common method in Cantonese style.
If it is made in Guangzhou, it is mostly late.
Ming style chairs made in Suzhou area are mostly tenon mortise and mortise for digging cigarette bags and pots, which is of an earlier age.
▲ the 16th-17th century huanghuali high back south hat chair is made of Soviet style drawer plate.
The chair stool and bed drawer plate are soft and hard.
The soft drawer is woven with brown, rattan skin or other animal and plant fibers, Hard drawers are made of wood (generally made of grooved boards), including wood straw mat veneered hard drawers refitted during repair in recent years In the first book, it is certainly wrong to mistakenly believe that the hard drawer attached to the mat is one of the two basic manufacturing methods of seat furniture in ancient China.
However, he believes that soft drawers and hard drawers have reference significance for identifying the age of furniture, which is right in some cases.
Due to the exquisite furniture in the Ming and early Qing Dynasties, most of them are products from Suzhou from the 16th century to the early 18th century.
Most of the drawers are soft drawers, and only a few are hard drawers.
Therefore, if we encounter soft drawer furniture with intact palm rattan weaving today, Or hard drawer furniture that has long been damaged and refitted into straw mat veneer (the holes smeared on the side can be verified), it can be considered that it is likely to be a product in Suzhou.
▲ Huanghua pear ring chair and rattan woven soft drawer in the 16th-17th century.
On the contrary, if we encounter drawer plates with grooves and plates, and there are no holes smeared on the side, that is, it has always been hard drawer furniture, then it is likely that it is not a product in Suzhou, but made in Guangzhou or other regions.
Identify the age of the furniture , we can make a better judgment of its era and origin by examining the drawer and plate making method, combined with the observation of the wood and manufacturing methods used.
The tooth strips of the tooth strip table and the waist of a wood are made earlier than the two wood parts, that is, the “fake two upper” is earlier than the “real two upper”.
Straight bars, Or the “Watang belly” in the middle of the tooth bar has a round outline (such as Ike’s tukao plate 2), which is earlier than the “Watang belly” which is stiff and straight down the line (such as Ike’s tukao plates 6, left and 28).
If the “Watang belly” is like the relief five jewel pattern, the era is later.
▲ the rose chair surrounded by yellow pear mullions in the 18th century is “Watang belly” The tooth bar on the front of the chair, such as only a straight bar, or with a very small tooth head, is a Cantonese method, which is relatively late.
The teeth under the Ming style tooth strips made by the Soviet Union are long, or fall directly to the foot tent, becoming the teeth of the voucher mouth, which is of an earlier age.
The tooth head of the tooth head clamp tenon table is made extremely wide, which looks bloated and stupid, It was made after the middle of the Qing Dynasty (e.g.
Aishi’s Chinese furniture, No.
58).
▲ in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the elm collet tenon flat head case had wide teeth, and the bending of the tent Luoguo tent was small and stiff, which was not caused by roundness and nature (e.g.
koci’s furniture books, No.
44 and 48).
The era was late (Fig.
1).
The pin accounts were all straight accounts, and Luoguo tents were commonly used after the middle of the Qing Dynasty (e.g.
Ike’s tukao) Plate 6, left Koch furniture book (No.
95) (Figure 2).
In the late Qing Dynasty, the Soviet style became more popular.
It is quite reliable to use this to distinguish the Ming style from the Qing style.
The Ming style Clip Flower has several common styles, such as several rings, auspicious grass, cloud pattern, longevity character, Fang Sheng, flat circle, etc.
it is handsome and sparse, and the decorative effect is very good.
After the middle Qing Dynasty, the clip flower increased and became more and more numerous, some causing flowers and fruits, and some causing flat square carving Plate or hollowed out Ruyi head (e.g.
Kotz furniture Book No.
46, e’s Chinese furniture Book No.
116) (Figure 3), the effect is not good.
According to the pattern of clip flower, you can also distinguish between Ming style and Qing style, and judge their approximate age.
In addition to straight feet, leg foot Ming style furniture has drum legs, Peng teeth, three curved legs and other legs that turn inward or outward.
The lines are all natural and smooth, and the strength is in softness.
In the middle of Qing Dynasty, it was artificial and meaningless bending.
In the late Soviet style, every The situation is getting worse.
The common manufacturing method is to make a straight foot with large materials, cut a section below the middle, suddenly bend inward, and then bend outward above the horse’s hoof.
It ranges from a large chair like a throne to a few desks.
It is stiff and vulgar, and the Ming style is simple and concise, Lost (Fig.
4).
In recent years, it has been said that this kind of large chair made in Suzhou in the late Qing Dynasty, with its feet retreated for meaningless bending, has inherited the fine tradition of the Ming style.
This argument is inconsistent with the facts and will be harmful to the future development of furniture in China, so I dare not agree.
There is a significant difference between the horseshoe of the Ming style and the horseshoe of the Qing style.
The former revolves inward or outward with beautiful and vigorous outline The latter is transformed into a rectangle or square, often with palindrome carving, which is vulgar and rigid (Fig.
5).
It has been proved that it is difficult to distinguish between the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
The red sandalwood strip table in the summer palace is polished all over, but according to its square horseshoes, it can be sure that it was made in the middle of the Qing Dynasty.
| source: cultural wealth weekly | editor: furniture home of the Ming and Qing Dynasties |..
