by Abstract: with the continuous development of national economy, people have a high demand for buildings.
Therefore, most urban buildings are high-rise and multi-storey residential buildings.
In the construction industry, the prefabrication and configuration technology is highly concerned.
The reasonable application of the construction technology of high-rise residential installation and configuration concrete can improve the efficiency, shorten the construction period, and will not cause damage to the surrounding environment.
This paper analyzes the prefabricated building mode in high-rise residential buildings, introduces the advantages of prefabricated concrete structure construction in high-rise residential buildings, and studies the key points of prefabricated concrete structure construction in high-rise residential buildings, so as to improve the construction quality and safety of high-rise residential buildings.
1 definition of prefabricated concrete building prefabricated building is becoming more and more common in the construction field.
Prefabricated building is to pour our building engineering modules, build the main modules in the factory, and assemble them on the construction site.
Prefabricated buildings can be divided into prefabricated concrete buildings, that is, after the concrete is poured first, the main grain plates are poured, and then assembled on the construction site; The fabricated steel structure is that the modules of the steel structure are assembled and can be spliced on the construction site.
The assembly of a building project is shown in Figure 1.
2 advantages of prefabricated concrete component construction technology (1) prefabricated components are factory and standardized construction.
Many human factors can be avoided.
As it is constructed in the plant, the interference of climate can be avoided, so the quality requirements are more reliable.
(2) Energy saving and environmental protection.
For example, the traditional buildings basically generate 200 kg of construction waste per square meter.
For example, the small high-rise buildings on the 18th floor of the community will generate 2000 tons of construction waste per 10000 square meters of building area.
The construction site of prefabricated buildings can basically be free of water, fire, odor and dust, and the construction waste is less than 1% of that of traditional buildings.
(3) The construction period is short.
Like a two-story villa, the main structure can be assembled as soon as a few hours.
As we all know, Wuhan huoshenshan hospital is a prefabricated building.
The whole hospital takes only 10 days, which was unthinkable in the past.
(4) Meet personalized needs.
Before the house is decorated, the property management company will send you “decoration instructions”, which will tell you which is the bearing wall, which is the ceramic wall, and whether to blast the wall.
But the prefabricated building does not have this problem, because it is a kind of design of large bay, and can be separated arbitrarily.
(5) Good thermal insulation performance.
The prefabricated building adopts a light-weight and energy-saving prefabricated wall panel.
All the thermal insulation properties are better than those of traditional bricks.
Its air conditioning use is only 20% of that of traditional buildings,.
3 key points for concrete construction of prefabricated building of high-rise residence 3.1 key points for installation and construction of prefabricated wallboard the specific process of installing prefabricated wallboard is to pay attention to the arrangement of lifting points, lifting and lowering of prefabricated components, and adjustment of component positions.
The prefabricated wallboard of a building project is shown in Figure 2.
(1) Lifting point arrangement.
Before assembling the prefabricated wallboard, it is necessary to carefully and carefully check whether the quality of the prefabricated wallboard meets the requirements of the construction design and whether the size meets the requirements of the construction design.
After it is determined that the inspection meets the requirements, the best suitable lifting point shall be found on the prefabricated components under the leadership of professional personnel, and the lifting construction shall be carried out.
The size of most prefabricated wallboards is too large, so there is a certain risk factor in the lifting process.
In order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the lifting, the multi-point lifting method of prefabricated wallboards should be implemented.
At the same time, relevant professionals should apply the technology of steel beam balance and transportation to ensure that the stress on the lifting point of prefabricated wallboards is uniform and balanced, and effectively prevent the problem that the stress on the lifting point exceeds the bearing capacity, It is possible to reduce the probability of a safety accident caused by a component falling carelessly.
(2) Lifting and lowering of prefabricated components.
When lifting prefabricated components, it is necessary to repeatedly confirm the stress uniformity and balance of components, otherwise it will have certain impact on the lifting quality of components and may cause unnecessary danger to the personal safety of construction personnel.
Therefore, when lifting prefabricated components, the staff must memorize the specification, size and shape of prefabricated components, determine the specific lifting position of components in strict accordance with the construction drawings, and transport the prefabricated components to the lifting point area.
More importantly, the lifting parts should be kept at a constant speed, equal to the ground distance of 0 The lifting shall be suspended when the distance is 5m.
This is to detect the regularity of prefabricated components and prefabricated installation parts, and then lower them after meeting the requirements of construction design.
When the distance from the ground is 2cm, the components shall be adjusted, and then they can be lowered after they are aligned with the prefabricated line.
The later construction and installation shall be carried out.
(3) Adjustment and installation of component positions.
After the prefabricated wallboard is transported to the designated position, the adjustable inclined support shall calibrate and adjust the prefabricated wallboard to ensure that the vertical and parallel directions of the prefabricated wallboard are on the same level as the control line, so as to ensure the accuracy of wall installation.
The support plate is installed on the prefabricated wall plate and the pre buried ground, and then the adjustable inclined support and the wall are seamlessly connected by bolts and support plates.
It is necessary to calibrate the vertical and horizontal directions of the prefabricated wall plate, and the construction personnel adjust the dimension and length of the inclined support so that the horizontal and vertical of the wall can meet the construction design requirements.
After installation and adjustment, concrete shall be poured into the gap between the prefabricated wall panels, so as to achieve overall and tough strength for the wall structure.
During the pouring construction, appropriate water shall be sprayed on the surface of the prefabricated parts to keep the surface moist and help the connection between the prefabricated components and the concrete more solid.
If the pouring parts around the prefabricated wallboard have the requirements of mold closing, the kit grouting technology can be selected to protect the prefabricated wallboard within 4h after the grouting is completed and prevent cracks caused by vibration in other construction links, There are some problems on the stability of the wall structure..
