by No piles of garbage can be seen, no flying dust can be seen, and no harsh noise can be heard for a long time.
The wallboards, stairs and other components ordered from the factory in advance are neatly stacked on the construction site, and the workers “assemble” them like “building blocks”, building after building.
This is the precast building.
The reporter from “Xinhua Viewpoint” found that the construction industry is quietly undergoing important changes: through continuous integration with advanced manufacturing technology and new generation information technology, precast buildings are increasingly popular.
The latest data from the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development shows that in the first half of this year, newly started precast buildings accounted for more than 25% of the newly built building area.
The market cultivation has formed a considerable foundation.
In the workshop of Longxin Group Jiangsu Construction Industry Co., Ltd.
in Nantong Modern Construction Industrial Park, Jiangsu Province, the steel bars and concrete are poured and finally the floor panels are made, all of which are completed on the production line.
All kinds of components are “one thing, one code”.
Just scan the QR code to understand the purpose and production process.
After the production of these precast components is completed, they are transported to construction sites throughout the country for later construction and assembly.
“Standardization of design, factory prefabrication of components, mechanization of construction”, the “industrialization of Chinese architecture” envisioned by Liang Sicheng, a famous architect many years ago, is now becoming a reality.
According to the latest data from the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development, in the first half of this year, newly constructed precast buildings accounted for more than 25% of the total area of new buildings, totaling 2.4 billion square meters.
The hoisting site of PEC components in a community in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province.
The interviewee provided the picture: “Do it indoors outdoors, do it on the flat ground at high altitude, and do it with dangerous machines.” Chen Zuxin, chairman of Longxin Group, introduced that unlike the traditional way of “design institute drawing to site construction”, the precast building of “factory building parts, on-site house building” has subverted the construction concept, reduced the labor intensity of workers, changed the on-site working environment, and turned the construction farmers into modern industrial workers, which is in line with the development direction of building industrialization.
Fabricated architecture is not a new thing.
As early as the 1960s, western developed countries began to use it widely.
After decades of development, it has entered a relatively mature and perfect stage.
China’s industry generally regards 2013 as the first year of China’s precast building development.
This year, the State Council and relevant ministries and commissions issued a number of guidance documents, marking the beginning of the development of precast buildings in China.
Since 2016, precast buildings have become the main focus to promote the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry.
In the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Further Strengthening the Management of Urban Planning and Construction issued in February of that year, it was proposed that the proportion of precast buildings in new buildings should reach 30% in about 10 years.
In September 2016, the General Office of the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on Vigorously Developing Precast Buildings, which proposed that the Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta should be the key promotion areas, other cities with a permanent population of more than 3 million should be the active promotion areas, and other cities should be encouraged to develop precast concrete structures, steel structures, and modern wood structures according to local conditions.
At the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development issued the “Fourteenth Five Year” Construction Industry Development Plan, which requires that the policy system and industrial system for coordinated development of intelligent construction and new building industrialization should be basically established, and precast buildings should account for more than 30% of new buildings.
In recent years, relevant policies have been introduced intensively.
Shanghai, Shenzhen and other leading cities are moving towards higher goals, and some provinces have accelerated significantly.
For example, Zhejiang Province proposes that by 2025, precast buildings will account for more than 35% of new buildings; Hainan Province proposes that by 2030, the precast building area will account for more than 95% of the new building area.
Experts said that since 2016, after many years of demonstration and market cultivation, the development of precast buildings has laid a solid foundation.
Leading the transformation of building methods: Compared with the disorder of traditional building construction sites, being greener and safer is the first impression of precast construction sites.
During the construction process, the precast components are installed in dry construction, rarely using sand, stone, cement and other materials, which fundamentally avoids dust flying, waste accumulation, noise and other pollution problems.
Floor slab hoisting site of a residential area in Huzhou, Zhejiang.
As a major change in the construction method, the drawings provided by interviewees have unique advantages in saving resources and energy.
According to the data of the International Cooperation Committee for Environment and Development of China, more than one third of the total energy consumption of the whole society is building energy consumption.
Fabricated precast components have achieved carbon reduction in all aspects of the life cycle, such as construction, interior decoration, and later use.
Water saving per square meter is 20.5%, carbon reduction is 7.5%, and waste emission is reduced by 77.7%, which greatly alleviates the problem of energy consumption in traditional buildings.
It is understood that precast buildings have obvious saving or improvement in construction period and labor compared with traditional buildings.
The comprehensive parking building project of Jiangsu Nantong Government Affairs Service Center is a fully assembled building with an area of about 50000 square meters.
If there are no less than 100 people on the traditional construction site, but one person can do more than one job through industrial training, and lifting, formwork and reinforcement are taken into account, the employment is reduced by more than half, and the construction period is reduced from more than two years to one year.
Whether the building mode of “building blocks” is safe is an important issue of public concern.
Chen Zuxin said that the technical level of precast buildings is very mature.
Assembly is not just “erection”.
After the precast components are transported to the site, they will be poured.
On the premise of ensuring the construction quality, the safety of precast buildings is guaranteed..
