by In the last section, when we talked about structural types, we divided building components into two categories: structural components that support buildings without collapse and functional components that meet use needs.
How many components are there in the building? Let’s discuss this topic today.
As for how many kinds of building components there are, I wrote a book called “building items”, which was written when I was working in Guanglianda in 2005.
Cui asked for the draft of this book.
I only wrote it for 15 days, which is very rough.
I am not satisfied with the pictures inside.
Later, Cui Gai, the publisher, didn’t start a business.
I haven’t had time to change this book.
There should be no book on the market now.
Don’t buy it either.
I’m rewriting it and preparing to republish it.
This is the first out course, because everyone likes listening more.
This course is sold in Guanglianda architecture classroom.
The title is “with this method, we are no longer afraid of missing items”, as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 later, I will reprint the course into a book and publish it.
How many components does a building contain? This course has made it clear.
There are many contents.
65 lectures.
Today I can only give you ideas and results 1 – first establish the thinking model.
In fact, this model has been built when we establish the cost knowledge system, as shown in Figure 2.
In Figure 2, we divide the building into 7 floors, namely foundation floor, whole underground floor, underground floor 1, first floor, middle floor, top floor and roof floor.
Each floor contains 6 blocks, including envelope structure, top structure, indoor structure, outdoor structure, indoor decoration and outdoor decoration.
Plus one other project.
In this way, the performance is more accurate.
Let’s flip over the six blocks and pull down the foundation, as shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 it can be seen from Figure 3 that the whole building can be classified as follows: the foundation includes 4 blocks, namely raft foundation, strip foundation, independent foundation and pile cap foundation.
The upper 6 floors contain 6 blocks plus other items, plus earthwork.
We can list all components of the building according to this model 2 – which components are included in each floor? Next, we will list which components are included in each floor of the building according to the thinking model in Figure 3.
The specific derivation process.
You will see the tree or course in the future, and the results will be given directly here.
1.
What components are included in the first floor? We summarize that there are 71 components in the first floor, including 21 components of enclosure structure, 6 components of top structure, 15 components of indoor structure, 18 components of outdoor structure, 7 components of indoor decoration and 4 components of outdoor decoration, as shown in Figure 4.
Figure 42.
Which components are included in the middle floor? The middle floor is a little less than the first floor because it certainly has no steps, apron and other components.
We summarize 62 components, including 21 components of enclosure structure, 3 components of top structure, 15 components of indoor structure, 12 components of outdoor structure, 7 components of indoor decoration and 4 components of outdoor decoration, as shown in Figure 5.
Figure 53.
Which components are included in the top floor? We summarize 63 components in the top floor, including 21 components of enclosure structure, 6 components of top structure, 14 components of indoor structure, 12 components of outdoor structure, 7 components of indoor decoration and 3 components of outdoor decoration, as shown in Figure 6.
Figure 64.
We still analyze which components are included in the roof layer according to six blocks, in which the enclosure structure has become parapet, coping and other components, and the top structure has not.
The indoor structure is the top of upper manhole and lightning needle seat on the roof, while the outdoor structure has not.
The indoor decoration is still considered according to the model of ground, skirting, dado, wall and ceiling, Only the ground becomes slope finding, leveling, waterproof and protection, the skirting becomes waterproof and upturning, the dado is not, the wall becomes parapet interior decoration, and the ceiling is not.
Outdoor decoration has become the external decoration of parapet.
According to the above ideas, we have summarized 24 components on the roof layer, including 10 components of enclosure structure, 6 components of indoor structure, 3 components of indoor decoration and 2 components of outdoor decoration, as shown in Figure 7.
Figure 75.
Which components are included in the basement 1? According to the idea of 6 blocks, we summarize that there are 59 components in the basement 1, including 19 components of enclosure structure, 6 components of top structure, 15 components of indoor structure, 7 components of outdoor structure, 7 components of indoor decoration and 5 components of outdoor decoration, as shown in Figure 8.
Figure 86.
Which components are included in the whole basement? We have summarized 53 components, including 19 components of enclosure structure, 4 components of top structure, 15 components of indoor structure, 7 components of outdoor structure, 7 components of indoor decoration and 1 component of outdoor decoration, as shown in Figure 9.
Figure 97.
Which components are included in the foundation layer? We integrate the leveling site and earthwork together because they occur at the same time and are interrelated.
There are 69 components in total, including 2 components for leveling site, 17 components for raft foundation, 16 components for strip foundation, 16 components for independent foundation and 18 components for pile cap foundation, as shown in Figure 10.
Figure 108.
Which components are included in other projects? Strictly speaking, other projects do not belong to building components, but they do occur during actual construction.
It is necessary to calculate the project cost.
We have summarized 7, as shown in Figure 11.
Figure 11-3 – Summary of building components in front, we listed which components are included in each floor, but there are duplicate components, because each floor has walls, beams, plates and columns, internal and external decoration.
Here, we remove the concept of floor and only list them according to 6 blocks, other items and foundation components, so that there will be no duplicate components.
We have summarized a total of 132 components, which are listed one by one below.
1、 Envelope (26) the envelope includes the following components: frame column, structural column, frame beam, ring beam, block wall and shear wall (including coupling beam, concealed beam and concealed column), door, window, door coupling window, wall opening, lintel, window sill plate, niche, floating window top suffix member, floating window bottom suffix member, window guard railing, wall horizontal moisture-proof layer, wall facade expansion joint, wall roof plane expansion joint, waterstop, inverted sill, steel wire mesh, parapet, coping, parapet modeling line and enclosure railing.
2.
Top The top structure of the structure (6) includes the following components: plate, beam (no wall below), roof truss, plate hole, skylight and dormer.
3.
Indoor structure (23) indoor structures include the following components: stairs, equipment foundation, indoor steps, indoor ramps, indoor flues, stool piers, urinals, toilet partitions, sporadic small walls, podiums, pools, curtain boxes, laboratory tables, earth Kang, stove, chimney top, exhaust hole top, upper manhole top, lightning rod seat, roof water tank, water tank bearing beam, roof steps Flower rack.
4、 Outdoor structure (18) the outdoor structure includes the following components: outdoor steps, outdoor ramps, aprons, balconies, awnings, cornices, bay windows, air conditioning panels, downspouts, outdoor stairs, car ramps, gutters, outdoor flower beds, external wall waist lines, overhead ramps, outdoor ladders, door and window covers, sun visors.
5.
Indoor decoration (10) interior decoration includes the following components: ground, skirting, dado, wall, ceiling, ceiling, corridor expansion joint (ground, facade, top surface), roof (slope making, leveling, thermal insulation, waterproof and protection), roof waterproof upturning, interior decoration of parapet (including pressure top, bottom, inner side and top).
6.
Outdoor decoration (7) outdoor decoration includes the following components: external wall damp proof course, external wall skirt, external wall, glass curtain wall, external decoration of outdoor components, external decoration of parapet (including top, bottom and outside), external decoration of parapet shape..
