by In order to ensure the safety of buildings, necessary fire prevention measures must be taken to make them have certain fire resistance.
Even if a fire occurs, it will not cause too much loss.
The fire resistance of buildings is usually expressed by fire resistance rating.
The fire resistance rating of a building is not determined by the fire resistance of one or two components, but by the fire resistance of all components constituting the building.
Different places have different requirements for fire separation components.
Today we share several examples of fire separation components in different places.
1、 Firewall without doors, windows and openings 1 Transformation and distribution stations shall not be set in or adjacent to class A and class B plants, and shall not be set in dangerous areas in explosive gas and dust environment.
When 10kV and below power transformation and distribution stations for class A and class B plants are separated by firewalls without doors, windows and openings, they can be adjacent on one side and shall comply with the provisions of the specification.
2.
Underground or semi underground stores with a total construction area of more than 20000 m2 shall be separated into multiple areas with a construction area of no more than 20000 m2 by firewalls without doors, windows and openings and floors with a fire resistance limit of no less than 2.00h.
3.
The firewall between fire compartments in class A and class B warehouses shall not be provided with doors, windows and openings.
4.
When a residential building is built together with other functional buildings, the residential part and the non residential part shall be completely separated by a fire partition wall with a fire resistance limit of not less than 2.00h and without doors, windows and openings and a 1.50h non combustible floor slab; When it is a high-rise building, it shall be completely separated by a firewall without doors, windows and openings and a non combustible floor with a fire resistance limit of not less than 2.00h.
5.
When the total building area of underground stores of civil air defense works is greater than 20000 m2, they shall be separated by firewall, and doors, windows and openings shall not be set on the firewall.
When local communication is really necessary in adjacent areas, reliable fire separation measures shall be taken.
2、 Class a fireproof window 1 The closed observation window between the diesel generator room and the power station control room shall not only meet the sealing requirements, but also meet the performance of class a fire window.
2.
When the 10kV and below power transformation and distribution stations for class A and class B plants are separated by a firewall without doors, windows and openings, they can be adjacent on one side.
If the distribution station of class B plants really needs to open windows on the firewall, class a fireproof windows shall be used.
3、 Class B fireproof window 1 The refuge floor shall be provided with directly external openable windows or independent mechanical smoke prevention facilities, and the external windows shall be class B fire windows.
2.
The refuge room shall be provided with directly external openable windows or independent mechanical smoke prevention facilities, and the external windows shall be class B fire windows.
3.
When the external wall of the building is a non combustible wall, the firewall may not protrude from the outer surface of the wall, and the horizontal distance between the nearest edges of doors, windows and openings close to both sides of the firewall shall not be less than 2.0m; When taking measures to prevent the horizontal spread of fire, such as setting class B fire windows, the distance is unlimited.
4.
The firewall in the building should not be set at the corner.
If necessary, the horizontal distance between the nearest edge of the doors, windows and openings on the walls on both sides of the inner corner should not be less than 4.0m; When taking measures to prevent the horizontal spread of fire, such as setting class B fire windows, the distance is unlimited.
4、 3.00h fire partition 1 The sub control rooms of class A and class B plants with explosion risk should be set independently.
When they are set close to the outer wall, they should be separated from other parts by a fire partition with a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.00h.
2.
The wall of the fire compartment shall be a fire partition with a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.00h When an oil storage room is set in the boiler room, its total storage capacity shall not be greater than 1m3, and the oil storage room shall be separated from the boiler room by a fire partition with a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.00h; If it is really necessary to set a door on the fire partition wall, class a fire door shall be adopted.
4.
The intermediate storage tank of class C liquid in the plant shall be set in a separate room, and its capacity shall not be greater than 5m ³。 The room with intermediate storage tank shall be separated from other parts by fire partition wall with fire resistance limit not less than 3.00h and floor slab with fire resistance limit of 1.50h, and the room door shall be class a fire door.
5.
The refuge floor can also be used as the equipment floor.
The equipment pipelines shall be arranged in a centralized manner, and the flammable and combustible liquid or gas pipelines shall be arranged in a centralized manner.
The equipment pipeline area shall be separated from the refuge area by a fire partition with a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.00h.
6.
The fire resistance limit of the fire partition wall of the refuge walkway shall not be less than 3.00h, and the fire resistance limit of the floor shall not be less than 1.50h.
7.
The partition wall between the stage and the auditorium of theater and other buildings shall adopt a fire partition wall with a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.00h.
8.
The refuge floor can also be used as the equipment floor.
The equipment pipelines shall be arranged in a centralized manner, and the flammable and combustible liquid or gas pipelines shall be arranged in a centralized manner.
The equipment pipeline area shall be separated from the refuge area by a fire partition with a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.00h.
5、 2.00h floor 1 For civil buildings with a building height greater than 100m, the fire resistance limit of the floor shall not be less than 2.00h.
2.
Underground or semi underground stores with a total construction area of more than 20000 m2 shall be separated into multiple areas with a construction area of no more than 20000 m2 by firewalls without doors, windows and openings and floors with a fire resistance limit of no less than 2.00h.
If local connection is required in adjacent areas, outdoor open spaces such as sunken square, fire compartment, refuge walkway, smoke proof staircase, etc.
shall be used for connection.
3.
Except for commercial service outlets, when residential buildings are built together with other functional buildings, the residential part and non residential part shall be completely separated by fire partition wall with fire resistance limit of not less than 2.00h and without doors, windows and openings and 1.50h non combustible floor slab; When it is a high-rise building, it shall be completely separated by a firewall without doors, windows and openings and a non combustible floor with a fire resistance limit of not less than 2.00h.
4.
The garage shall not be built in combination with nurseries, kindergartens, buildings for the elderly, teaching buildings and ward buildings in primary and secondary schools.
When the garage is set in the underground part of nurseries, kindergartens, buildings for the elderly, teaching buildings of primary and secondary schools, ward buildings, etc., the garage shall be completely separated from nurseries, kindergartens, buildings for the elderly, teaching buildings of primary and secondary schools, ward buildings and other buildings with a fire resistance limit of not less than 2.00h.
6、 Others 1 Offices, rest rooms, etc.
shall not be set in class A and class B plants.
If it is necessary to be adjacent to the plant, its fire resistance rating shall not be lower than class II, and shall be separated from the plant by explosion-proof walls with a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.00h, and independent emergency exits shall be set.
2.
For class I and II fire-resistant plants other than Class A plants, when the building area of their fire compartment is greater than the maximum allowable building area of each fire compartment, and it is difficult to set a firewall, they can be separated by fire rolling shutter or fire separation water curtain.
3.
The fire resistance limit of firewalls in class A and class B plants and class A, class B and class C warehouses shall not be less than 4.00h…
