Summary of various components and practices of steel structure

1.

Building system 1-1, portal frame system 1-1-1, basic components figure 1-1-2.

Explain the mechanical principle.

The portal frame structure is mainly a horizontal rigid frame composed of columns and beams, and the rigid frame is a plane stress system.

In order to ensure longitudinal stability, inter column support and roof support are set.

The columns and beams of the rigid frame are made of section H-shaped steel, and various loads are transmitted to the foundation through the columns and beams.

The support and tie rod rigid support are made of hot-rolled section steel, generally angle steel.

The flexible support is round steel.

The tie rod is a compressed circular steel pipe, which forms a stress closed system with the support.

Roof purlins and wall beams are generally C-shaped steel and Z-shaped steel.

Bear the force transmitted from roof slab and wall slab, and transmit the force to columns and beams.

1-1-3.

Basic form of portal frame A.

typical portal frame B.

portal frame with crane C.

portal frame with local second floor 1-1-4.

Basic node A.

column base node B.

beam and column node ■ local second floor node refers to multi-storey frame system.

1-1-5.

Derived form of rigid frame ■ cranes and local second floor can be arranged in the derived form of rigid frame.

■ gable rigid frame is also a multi span rigid frame in essence, but the middle column and rigid frame column rotate 90 degrees compared with the section.

1-2.

Multi storey frame system 1-2-1.

Frame diagram 1-2-2.

Description of mechanical model a.

pure rigid frame: rigid frame is adopted in both vertical and horizontal directions.

b.

Rigid connection – supporting frame: rigid connection is adopted in the transverse direction, hinged connection is adopted in the longitudinal direction, and support is set in the longitudinal direction to transfer horizontal force.

c.

Braced frame: hinged is adopted in both vertical and horizontal directions, and supports are set in both directions to transmit horizontal force.

d.

Sometimes, in order to ensure sufficient stiffness, supports are also set in the rigid frame.

Frame column frame column can adopt H-shaped section, box section, cross section, circular tubular section, etc.

All superstructure forces are transmitted to the foundation through frame columns.

Frame beam frame beam generally adopts H-shaped section.

The forces on the floor and roof are transmitted to the frame columns through the frame beams.

The support is generally made of hot-rolled section steel, and its function is to transfer the horizontal force between layers and ensure the stiffness of the structure.

1-2-3.

Basic node A.

column base node ■ column base node is the same as portal frame system.

b.

Column and beam node 2, support, tie rod 2-1, flexible support between columns as shown in the figure, rigid support between columns 2-2.

Description ■ support is divided into flexible support and rigid support.

The flexible support is made of round steel and must be tensioned during installation.

It is mainly used for portal frame structure.

The rigid support is made of section steel and is used in structures with high stiffness requirements such as multi-storey frame and lower section support of crane beam.

■ tie rod and support work together to form a closed stress system.

When there are rigid members at the support end and transmit pressure, it is not necessary to set tie rods.

■ the method of roof horizontal support is the same as that between columns.

■ as required, the support can also be herringbone, splay, K-shaped, V-shaped, door shaped, L-shaped, Y-shaped, single inclined rod, etc.

3.

Corner brace 3-1, figure 3-2, description ■ the setting of corner brace is the calculated length out of plane of the compression flange of beam or column.

The corner brace can be made of angle steel or pressed by flat steel.

■ in multi-storey frame system, horizontal corner brace is often set at the position of beam column rigid connection.

4.

Crane beam 4-1.

Side span structure of crane beam shown in the figure.

Standard crane beam structure of middle span of crane beam shown in Figure 4-2.

Description ■ crane beam is a bearing member of crane load, which is welded by steel plate.

■ refer to the side span structure for the treatment of deformation joint position.

■ when the crane tonnage is large, set the brake truss or brake beam to resist the transverse horizontal load.

5.

Hv-197td-788 plate and hv-205td-820 plate are used as profiled steel plate for rain canopy.

6.

Purlin, wall beam 6-1, C-type cold-formed thin-walled section steel 6-1-1, section characteristics of section steel 6-1-2, installation node figure 6-2, Z-type cold-formed thin-walled section steel 6-2-1, section characteristics of section steel 6-2-2, installation node Figure 7, roof and wall profiled steel plate 7-1, hv-203kl-406 plate 7-1-1, plate profile figure 7-1-2, connection node figure 7-2, hv-380sf-7607-2-1, plate profile figure 7-2-2, connection node figure 7-3, hv-475sf-475 plate 7-3-1 Plate type diagram 7-3-2, connection node diagram 7-4, hv-197td-788 plate 7-4-1, plate type diagram 7-4-2, connection node Description: ■ waterproof cavity can prevent water seepage caused by capillary phenomenon.

■ this plate type can be used for roof panel and wall panel, and is connected with roof purlin or wall beam by self tapping screws.

■ when used as roof panel, the screw passes through the wave crest and is fixed with the roof purlin; When used as a wall panel, the screws are fixed with the wall beam at the straight section of the wave trough near the wave crest.

7-5.

Hv-205td-820 plate 7-5-1, plate type diagram 7-5-2, connection node diagram description: ■ waterproof cavity can prevent water seepage caused by capillarity.

■ this plate type can be used for roof panel and wall panel, and is connected with roof purlin or wall beam by self tapping screws.

■ when used as roof panel, the screw passes through the wave crest and is fixed with the roof purlin; When used as a wall panel, the screws are fixed with the wall beam at the straight section of the wave trough near the wave crest.

7-6.

Hv-225td-900 plate 7-6-1, plate type diagram 7-6-2, connection node diagram description: ■ waterproof cavity can prevent water seepage caused by capillarity.

■ this plate type is used for wall panel and is connected with roof purlin or wall beam by self tapping screws; The screw is fixed with the wall beam at the straight section of the wave trough near the wave crest.

7-7.

Hv-360yc-360 plate 7-7-1, plate type diagram 7-7-2, description of connection node diagram: ■ self tapping screw passes through the plate and is directly connected with the wall beam..