by Abstract: Prefabricated building is a kind of building assembled by prefabricated components on the construction site.
The development of prefabricated buildings is a major change in China’s construction mode, and it is an important task to guide the rational layout of component manufacturers in the construction industry to promote the development of prefabricated buildings.
This paper introduces the research situation of precast concrete component factories at home and abroad, puts forward the key areas for the development of prefabricated buildings and the planning and layout of precast concrete component factories in China, studies and establishes the prediction calculation model of the annual market demand for precast concrete components in target areas (cities) and the model of typical precast component factories, and proposes the planning and layout of precast component factories in Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta.
Key words: prefabricated building; Precast concrete component factory; Planning Layout 1 Research Status and Trends at Home and Abroad 1.1 Research Status and Trends Abroad The prefabricated concrete structure buildings in developed countries have experienced decades of development.
At present, the technology has been very mature, and a relatively complete technical standard system and policy system have been formed.
The market in the field of housing construction is very stable.
As a prefabricated prefabricated building component, the prefabricated concrete component factory (hereinafter referred to as the prefabricated component factory) has already completed the planning layout and planning construction according to the market requirements abroad.
In the 1980s, on the basis of full consideration of urban development planning, local resource utilization, division of labor and cooperation between our factory and other specialized factories, we made a detailed analysis and in-depth certification of the factory’s nature, production scale, investment benefits, plant construction period, product supply scope and final economic benefits, seeking to form a production system with a complete range of products within a reasonable range of a region and a city, Overall production and supply of various building components and fittings.
With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection in various countries, corresponding requirements have been put forward for green production of prefabricated component plants, requiring strict measures to deal with sewage, noise, dust and other harmful substances.
The transportation of raw materials and finished products supply is also a key consideration of the prefabricated component factory.
Carefully consider the supply radius, transportation means and traffic conditions of prefabricated components, control the reasonable proportion of component freight to the total project cost, and save the transportation cost as much as possible.
At this stage, the prefabricated component industry in developed countries is in a stable development period, the supply and demand of the construction industrialization market is balanced, the construction of new plants is very few, and prefabricated component plants can operate stably for a long time.
1.2 Domestic research status and development trend China’s building industrialization and housing industrialization are developing synchronously with the national construction cause, and the development in different periods and fields shows obvious imbalance.
At present, China is continuing to promote technological innovation and product upgrading, comprehensively spreading and deepening the construction industrialization and housing industrialization throughout the country, and continuing to take the road that is compatible with the industrialization of new buildings.
In recent years, although the construction of prefabricated component plants throughout the country has been flourishing, most of them are driven by the construction industrialization policy and are keen to invest in order to seize the commanding heights of the industry.
In some places, there have been adverse situations such as increased competition, overcapacity and waste of resources.
There is no national prefabricated component plant planning and layout as a guide and control reference.
The next 10 years will be a golden period for the rapid development and finalization of the construction industrialization in China.
During this period, the planning layout and planning construction of the national prefabrication factory need to be supported by the scientific and technological achievements that need in-depth research, to achieve overall planning, scientific layout, optimize the environment and resource allocation, realize the transformation and upgrading of the prefabrication factory, promote the scientific and technological progress and environmental friendliness of the prefabrication industry, and vigorously promote the development of China’s construction industrialization.
2 The scope of key areas shall be selected according to the requirements of national macro policies.
The development of prefabricated buildings in China is divided into three major urban agglomerations, namely, Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta.
Other cities with a permanent resident population of more than 3 million are active promotion areas, and other cities are encouraged promotion areas; Fabricated concrete structures, steel structures, modern wood structures and other prefabricated buildings will be developed in each region according to local conditions.
By 2020, prefabricated buildings will account for more than 15% of new buildings in China, of which prefabricated buildings will account for more than 20% of new building area in key areas, more than 15% in active areas, and more than 10% in encouraged areas.
By 2025, prefabricated buildings will account for more than 30% of new buildings in China, of which prefabricated buildings will account for more than 40% of new building area in key areas, more than 30% in active areas, and more than 20% in encouraged areas.
The scope of key areas is selected.
Among the key areas and areas actively promoting the development of prefabricated buildings, the research group has selected the urban agglomerations and key cities with good economic conditions, closely related economic development and exemplary role, as shown in Figure 1.
(1) City cluster selection: Beijing Tianjin Hebei (Beijing, Tianjin, Xiong’an), Yangtze River Delta (Shanghai, Suzhou, Wuxi), Pearl River Delta (Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan); (2) Selection of key cities: East China (Nanjing, Hangzhou, Jinan), Central China (Changsha, Wuhan, Zhengzhou), Southwest China (Chengdu, Chongqing).
Northeast (Shenyang) and Northwest (Xi’an).
3 Dynamic prediction calculation model of annual demand for components The target area and annual demand for urban prefabricated components need to match the capacity of prefabricated component plants.
The accurate prediction value of annual demand is a key parameter for the layout of prefabricated component plants in this area and city.
Through research, the research team has established the following two dynamic prediction calculation models of annual demand..
