by Are you shocked by the magnificence of the Forbidden City? Are you amazed at the majesty of Tengwang Pavilion? After nearly a thousand years of baptism, beautiful and charming ancient buildings are still shining on the Chinese land.
What sustains them is the “big wooden” structure system that embodies the wisdom and painstaking efforts of countless craftsmen.
Ancient craftsmen use ingenious mortise and tenon combination to connect individual components to gradually form a complete mechanical structure system that can stand for thousands of years without a nail and a rivet.
Do you want to know how those magnificent ancient buildings are connected and combined? This class of Zhejiang University will take you to unlock the secret with one key.
Follow Xiaozhe to have a look! Student works Student works Student works Class 2020 student work summary Crescent Building 208 office: model storage space “For the complex building system of ancient Chinese architecture, hands-on experience is the best learning method and the best memory rule.
Adhering to this idea, this course, which is jokingly called “the most hardcore professional course” by the students of architecture department, has not only theoretical study, but also practical homework – pavilion model making is an important content.
Through the relevant drawings provided by Zhang Yuyu and the field survey, the students made the structural model of the pavilion in the scale of 1:30 or 1:50.
Now let’s see how these pavilions and pavilions have sprung up! Preliminary preparation: “Pavilion” has seen that the structural composition of a traditional pavilion often requires hundreds of components, many of which can even reach thousands.
Among them, the lapping of the beam frame, the combination of mortise and tenon, and the fabrication of the bucket arch of the pavilion are exquisite and ingenious.
If you don’t study them carefully, you will be confused about the fabrication.
The modeling of such a pavilion is a big challenge for the students who are first exposed to the ancient building production.
It is still more than a month before the homework is handed in.
The students have started to make preparations.
The model visit of the 208 office of the Crescent Tower opened the curtain of the “pavilion war”.
In the process of appreciating the models made by the senior and senior students, Zhang Yuyu explained the structural differences and formation reasons of different pavilions to the students in detail from the details of workmanship to the selection of materials.
Such a close contact with the model gave students a general understanding of the internal structure of the pavilion.
After the first experience of the pavilion in the model explanation, the students should carry out “selection”, that is, select the type of pavilion they like.
After the selection, they can start digital modeling, issue the bill of materials, purchase wood and related tools.
In addition, Zhang Yuyu specially invited enthusiastic seniors and sisters to share the experience of pavilion production through online live broadcast.
In the early preparation of the live broadcast sharing PPT, students need to clarify the structure of the pavilion according to the drawings, understand the name of the components and the connection method between the components, and make sure that the production can be orderly.
When it is difficult to clarify ideas by imagination alone, students will use modeling software to conduct 3D digital modeling to help understand.
Pavilion drawing, pavilion SketchUp model, pavilion SketchUp model, of course, to better understand the structure and details, especially the actual materials, paving details and connection methods, field survey is a better choice.
The students went to the field to investigate the huge pavilion building and put it in a square, and then they understood the components with different shapes, and then built a pavilion in their mind, so that they can start to issue the bill of materials and purchase equipment! When the bill of materials issued by the students started, the ancient Chinese building in “Ting” Road was produced in modules, that is, the components were produced in a unified way and then assembled on the spot.
Each component has its own size specification.
Therefore, all parts should be made and completed first, and finally the whole assembly should be carried out.
Model components: Don’t underestimate this small bucket arch.
It is the work of experience through four processes of painting, cutting, carving and grinding.
Like other components, students first draw and shape the component detail on the wood, then cut out the determined material, then carve out the shape, and finally polish it smooth.
It is inevitable that mistakes will be made in the first attempt.
The material is either too large or too small.
It is often worn out and worn out during polishing.
Therefore, the final shape is made by experience after failure.
The painting, cutting and grinding components can be assembled after fabrication.
The whole process can be summarized into four steps: threading, inserting, erecting and lifting.
After setting up the platform foundation, raise the column according to the determined position, insert the beam frame, assemble the paving layer and roof truss layer one by one in order, and finally lay the rafters to outline the cornice, and the pavilion will be assembled and formed! Assembly process Assembly process Shuyun Pavilion Assembly process Lone Crane Pavilion Assembly process The arches bloom like flowers, holding up the high roof truss; Some flying rafters spread their wings like birds, the overhanging eaves rose, and the pavilion with wisdom and ingenuity rose from the ground, and every bit of the production process was deeply engraved in the hearts of the students.
Some students said directly: “miss the whole autumn, finish a thing that can blow for more than half of your life.” Achievement appreciation: “Pavilion” contains the ancient buildings preserved in ancient China, whose seats are as bright as stars, The neatly arranged beams and columns, the high and raised cornices, and the precision-combined arches not only show us the dazzling ancient Chinese architectural culture, but also show us the meticulous and refined craftsmanship spirit of the ancient builders.
As the core of Chinese traditional architectural construction techniques, large wooden works have a decisive influence in the whole history of Chinese ancient architecture, and can be said to be the soul of Chinese ancient architecture.
With the replacement of building materials, wooden structures have gradually withdrawn from the main stage of history, but for today’s architectural students, wooden structures still have high learning value.
After making the pavilion model, the students felt deeply.
.
