by Source: loading, unloading and stacking of prefabricated building teaching summary components; Lifting, installation, positioning, and calibration of components; Component transportation safety management and finished product protection.
The loading, unloading, and stacking methods of components: 1.
The transportation of prefabricated components should be carried out using a low flat plate truck, which should be equipped with a dedicated frame and reliable measures to stabilize the components.
The prefabricated component can only be transported when the concrete strength reaches the design strength.
Prefabricated exterior wall panels should be transported in a vertical and upright manner.
Prefabricated laminated floor slabs, prefabricated balcony panels, and prefabricated stairs can be transported in a flat manner, and the support pad position should be correctly selected.
2.
After the prefabricated components are transported to the construction site, storage yards should be set up according to the specifications, types, parts used, and lifting sequence.
The on-site loading and unloading yard should be set up within the working range of the crane, and passages should be set up between the stacks.
3.
The on-site transportation roads and stacking yards should be flat and solid, with drainage measures in place.
The road for transportation vehicles entering the construction site should meet the transportation requirements for prefabricated components.
There should be no obstacles in the unloading and lifting work direction, and there should be a site that meets the turnover and use of prefabricated components.
4.
Prefabricated laminated floor slabs can be stacked, and the layers should be leveled and compacted.
Each layer’s support pad should be aligned up and down, and the bottom layer’s support pad should be usually set.
The number of stacked layers should not exceed 6.
Prefabricated exterior wall panels at key points can be inserted or placed against each other, and the stacking frame should have sufficient stiffness and support pads should be stable.
It is advisable to connect adjacent stacking racks as a whole.
Prefabricated exterior wall panels should have their exterior facing outward, connecting weak areas such as waterstops, high ground openings, and wall corners.
Fixed protective pads or specialized accessories should be used to strengthen protection.
Component lifting, installation, positioning, and calibration.
Before construction, classify and count all prefabricated components, calculate the most reconstructed components, and select corresponding lifting facilities based on this.
Before hoisting prefabricated components, the mechanical model and supporting lifting tools should be determined based on the weight, shape, installation height, and on-site conditions of the prefabricated components.
The turning radius should cover the hoisting area and facilitate installation and disassembly.
When lifting prefabricated components at key points, the lifting points should reasonably coincide with the center of gravity of the components, and adjustable horizontal lifting beams should be used to evenly lift the components in place, ensuring that the components can be lifted horizontally.
Standard lifting tools should be used for prefabricated components, and the lifting tools can be in the form of embedded lifting rings or embedded connecting steel sleeves.
Avoid colliding with the edges and corners of the components.
After the components are lifted smoothly, move the lifting arm at a uniform speed.
After approaching the building, manually align and place it in place
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